河北省某市新型冠状病毒肺炎暴发调查
入库时间：2025-12-26 23:20:08 浏览：1 收藏：0 评价：0 推荐：0
案例简介
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专业学位类别：
医学 -
专业领域/方向：
公共卫生/流行病学 -
第一作者：
宋杰 -
单位：
河南医药大学 -
关键词：
新型冠状病毒肺炎； 暴发； 现场调查； 公共卫生 -
摘要（中文）：
2020 年春，一种新发传染病新型冠状病毒肺炎迅速在全球扩散。应对突发公共卫生事件的能力，特别是应对重大突发性公共卫生事件的能力，是评价一个国家和地区公共卫生水平高低的重要标志，其中现场流行病学能力如何是关键。虽然目前国内的疫情得到了很好的控制， 但这次疫情仍然暴露出了我国公共卫生体系及人才培养的短板：具有全局统筹思维的人才不足及公共卫生专业培养与应用脱节。河北石家庄市藁城抗疫为农村地区抗击聚集性疫情的第一战；从确诊病例上来看，绝大部分位于藁城区，多位确诊病例数日内参加了多场婚礼、聚餐或集会活动；此次突发的新发传染病疫情短时间内即出现了大量病例，家庭聚集性明显，给流调溯源造成了极大的挑战。农村医疗条件差，个人卫生习惯差，防控意识薄弱；农村基层诊所硬件设备不够，基层医疗机构警觉性差等都给疫情工作增加了新的挑战。 -
摘要（英文）：
In the spring of 2020, COVID-19 suddenly broke out and rapidly spreaded around the world. The respond capacity to public health emergencies, especially to the worldwide public health emergencies, is an important indicator of the level of public health in a country and region. Although the epidemic has been well controlled in our country right now, the epidemic still exposes the shortcomings of China's public health system and talent training: the shortage of talents with overall thinking and the disconnect between the training and application of public health professionals. The fight against the epidemic in Gaocheng City, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, is the first battle against the cluster epidemic in rural areas; From the perspective of confirmed cases, the vast majority are located in Gaocheng District, and many confirmed cases have participated in multiple weddings, dinners or gatherings within a few days; This outbreak get a great group of COVID cases in a very short time, showing the characteristics of family gathering, which has caused unprecedented challenges to the traceability of circulation. Poor medical conditions in rural areas, poor personal hygiene habits, and weak awareness of prevention and control; The lack of hardware equipment in rural grassroots clinics and the poor vigilance of grassroots medical institutions have added new challenges to the epidemic work. -
适用课程：
流行病学 -
教学目的与用途：
本案例适用对象为预防医学专业学生；旨在引导学生理解突发公共卫生事件的概念，模拟作为公共卫生工作者，从最开始的疫情报告到后期的疫情处置的整个决策过程。教学案例涉及《流行病学》、《现场流行病学》《现场调查技术》等多项教学内容，包括暴发、流行、散发的概念及特征、突发公共卫生事件特征、暴发调查步骤、三间分布及病因推断准则等知识点。 -
准备工作：
阅读相关政策文件、基本信息及案例内容，熟悉背景资料。 -
启发思考问题：
1.暴发调查的步骤？ 2.简述病因推断准则，描述性流行病学在病因推断中的作用？ -
案例知识点：
1.暴发、流行、散发的概念及特征 2.突发公共卫生事件特征 3.暴发调查步骤 4.三间分布 5.病因推断准则 -
案例正文：